Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD)

⚕️ Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD) Management: Key Molecules & Brands in India

🔹 Introduction

Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD) do chronic conditions ko include karta hai:

  • Ulcerative Colitis (UC) → Colon aur rectum ki inflammation
  • Crohn’s Disease (CD) → Gut ke kisi bhi hissa (mouth se anus tak) mein inflammation

IBD ek autoimmune disorder hai jisme immune system gut lining ko attack karta hai. Symptoms hote hain:

  • Abdominal pain
  • Chronic diarrhea (kabhi kabhi bloody)
  • Weight loss, fatigue
  • Extra-intestinal issues (joint pain, skin rashes)

Treatment ka goal hai inflammation control, remission maintain karna, aur flare-ups prevent karna.

🔹 1. Aminosalicylates (5-ASA)

✦ Mesalamine (Mesalazine)

  • Brands: Mesacol, Pentasa, Asacol
  • Use: First-line for mild to moderate UC (oral, enema, or suppository)
  • Note: Targets local gut inflammation, fewer systemic effects

✦ Sulfasalazine

  • Brand: Salazopyrin
  • Use: UC and Crohn’s disease (especially colonic involvement)
  • Note: Older drug, sometimes limited by side effects (rash, nausea)

🔹 2. Corticosteroids (for flares)

✦ Budesonide

  • Brands: Budecort, Entocort
  • Use: Local steroid, effective for mild to moderate Crohn’s disease (ileum, colon)
  • Note: Fewer systemic side effects compared to oral steroids

✦ Prednisolone / Methylprednisolone

  • Brands: Wysolone, Medrol
  • Use: Moderate to severe flare-ups
  • Note: Short-term use only; long-term use causes side effects (osteoporosis, diabetes, weight gain)

🔹 3. Immunosuppressants

✦ Azathioprine

  • Brands: Azoran, Imuran
  • Use: Maintenance therapy in steroid-dependent IBD
  • Note: Requires monitoring (liver, blood counts)

✦ 6-Mercaptopurine (6-MP)

  • Brand: Purinethol
  • Use: Alternative to azathioprine
  • Note: Similar monitoring required

🔹 4. Biologics (for moderate-to-severe IBD)

✦ Anti-TNF Agents

  • Infliximab – Remicade
  • Adalimumab – Humira
  • Golimumab – Simponi

✦ Anti-Integrins

  • Vedolizumab – Entyvio

Use: For patients unresponsive to conventional therapy
Note: Highly effective but costly; risk of infections, require specialist supervision

🔹 5. Supportive Therapy

  • Probiotics: VSL#3 (helps in pouchitis, mild UC)
  • Iron, Vitamin B12, Vitamin D: For anemia and deficiency due to malabsorption
  • Surgery: Needed in refractory cases (colectomy in UC, bowel resection in Crohn’s)

📝 Conclusion

IBD treatment ke liye multiple drug classes ka use hota hai:

  • 5-ASA (Mesalamine, Sulfasalazine) for mild disease
  • Steroids for acute flare-ups
  • Immunosuppressants (Azathioprine) for maintenance
  • Biologics (Infliximab, Adalimumab) for resistant cases

Management hamesha individualized hota hai aur long-term monitoring zaruri hai.

⚠️ Disclaimer

This article is for educational purposes only. It does not replace medical advice. Always consult a gastroenterologist for diagnosis and treatment of IBD.

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